 Re: Subject and Verb
"that" is a pronoun, and it refers to the underlined portion. "that" functions as a subject and its verb is "means". As for "which", it's also a pronoun, and its verb is "translates". Both "that" and "which" are singular, hence the verb is singular.
1. Hard drives are becoming larger and larger nowadays, that means more platters and that means more moveable parts which translates to the chances of it breaking down to be more likely.
2. He is using slang words and that *make it hard to read.
3. He is using slang words and that makes it hard to read. ("that" is singular, so "makes" is singular)
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