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Old 16-May-2005, 12:18
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Default Re: slight difference in meaing?

Quote:
Originally Posted by peteryoung
1) The rules provided here are those found in traditional handbooks
2) The rules provided here are found in traditional handbooks

What affect a writer's choice in deciding which to use?
Thanks!
Symmetry and redundancy:

The rules that are provided are the rules that are found in traditional handbooks.

[1] 'that are' is omitted on both sides of the equation (remember that 'are' is a linking verb:

The rules that are provided = the rules that are found in traditional handbooks. => The rules provided = the rules found in traditional handbooks.

[2] 'the rules' is redundant, so the second one is replaced by a nominal demonstrative, referring back to the first 'the rules:

The rules provided = the rules found in traditional handbooks.
=> The rules provided = those found in traditional handbooks.

[3] Both 'the rules' and 'those' function as subjects, and since they are co-related, one of the two is omitted. The second one is omitted:

The rules provided = found in traditional handbooks.
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