adjective after noun

[notmyname216]

Given the sentence below:

The surgeon general feels bad.

I think "surgeon" is a noun.
Is "general" an adjective or is it a noun?

[mykwyner]

This is a word-for-word translation from a French title. Therefore, the normal adjective-noun order of English (the general assembly, the fat surgeon) has been reversed. This custom of using French titles with English words dates back to the eleventh century when the French ruled southern England.

[notmyname216]

Thank you. I just learned something new.

[notmyname216]

I don't think that this only occurs with French based titles. Check out this sentence:

The troops loyal to him died.

I am sure that "troops" is a noun.
I also believe that "loyal" is a adjective.
Is this correct?

[Casiopea]

The troops loyal to him died.

I am sure that "troops" is a noun.
I also believe that "loyal" is a adjective.
Is this correct?

Well, it's a predicate adjective. It modifies 'who', which refers back to 'troops':

The troops who were loyal to him died.

The underlined portion functions as an RC, a relative clause, the subject-verb of which (who were) has been omitted. It's common.