"Do you have a spare pen?" and "Have you a spare pen?"; "Does this city not have any places worth seeing" and "Has not this city any places worth seeing?".
With your first example, there is little difference except that the second version is a little more formal/old-fashioned.
With your second example, the second version you posted is so old-fashioned that it would no longer be used. It would be "Has this city no places worth seeing?" Again, as with the first example, little difference other than formality.
Also, for the second:
Hasn't this city (got) any ...
Doesn't this city have any ...