Re: 'a' and 'the' rule
Actually, in a restaurant, it's quite common to ask for things that are usually not countable with "a."
I'd like a water, she'd like a Coke, and he'd like a coffee, please. That means a glass of water, a serving of Coke, a cup of coffee.
"A" and "the" can be among the hardest things to learn in English. Don't worry if you don't get it at once.
I'm not a teacher, but I write for a living. Please don't ask me about 2nd conditionals, but I'm a safe bet for what reads well in (American) English.