Which of the following sentence is correct and why?
"Me a single, matured man in kolkata."
Or,
"Me a single, mature man in Kolkata."
So in a way, there is nothing called to be a "matured man"?
Mature can be either a verb: "As my children mature, they become more troublesome," or an adjective "My wife is a mature, intelligent woman." Therefore, there is no need to use the participle form of the verb matured as an adjective, it sounds odd if you do.
There is a difference between "mature" and "matured".
Whiskey is matured in oak casks -- that is, people put the whiskey in oak casks and ensure the right conditions for it to gain its distinctive taste and colour. Cheddar cheese was traditionally matured in the caves at Cheddar, England -- that is, people put the cheese in the caves and ensured the right conditions for it to gain its distinctive nutty taste.
People are not matured in the same way -- they mature of their own accord (we hope). We are not made to sit in a cupboard for 21 years so as to become adults -- we simply grow.
"Matured" actually describes an action, "mature" describes a state. Thus, although whiskey is matured by putting it in oak casks, at the end of the process it is mature.
You would use "matured" for a human being as a pure past participle -- "Look at him now, he's really matured over the last two years!" -- but now that again describes a process. "I am a mature man", though, describes a state.