Grammer confusion

[myc]

"To read is to be transported to another world". My grammar book says " to be transported to another world" is the object of is, but isn't it an adjective modifying the subject" to read" ? My book also says "to another world" is an adverb modifying transported, but "to be transported" is a noun. I"m confused. Can anyone enlighten me? :)

Billy shook with fear. is "with fear" an adverb modifying shook? Is it also a prepositional pharse?

Not all past participles have the word "have" before them. how do you know when to put the word "have" before a past participle? laid in "I laid the book on the bed" doesn't have the word "have" before it.

Thanks so much!

[Mister Micawber]

.
1-- You have supplied no sentence.
2-- Yes and yes.
3-- Laid is simple past tense; have laid is present perfect tense. Use have with the past participle when forming present perfect verb forms.
.

[myc]

opps sorry, I've edited my post.
Thanks for your help