some questions about grammar

Hi, it is the first time I am here asking questions, anyway, I hope my English will be improved by asking questions!

1. " I haven't seen the study the Australian claims ARE BASED ON" why it is not " I haven't seen the study the Australian claims BASED ON" ? I think it is the same for "the claims BASED ON the study are not true"

2."Chow recently opened another clinic in Atlanta, which, in its first two years of operation, saw the number of regular patients INCREASE by a factor of 5." shouldn't it be " INCREASES" since it is "the number of XX" we are talking 'bout, but not "XX"

if anyone can give me a hand, I will be extremely grateful! and sorry 'bout my poor English. :(

[Tdol]

1- They are different 'The claims based on the study are not true' is a way of saying 'the claims which are based on the study'.

2- the number + singular verb is normally correct- the number of student has risen, etc. However, here the verb is governed by 'saw'- just as you would say 'I saw it happen', so it's actually a bare infinitive here.

[Casiopea]

Welcome

1. " I haven't seen the study (that) the Australian claims ARE BASED ON"

Sentence: The Australian claims are based on the study.
Relative Clause: ...the study (that) the Australian claims are based on.

2."Chow recently opened another clinic in Atlanta, which, in its first two years of operation, saw the number of regular patients INCREASE by a factor of 5."

...saw the number of patients increase.
Verb Structure: saw something do something
...saw (main verb) it increase (infinitive verb)

All the best,

[RonBee]

Example sentences:

• They saw it happen.
  She saw the man rob the bank.
  He saw the dog bite the man.

:)

[language_fanatic]

Originally Posted by RonBee

Example sentences:

• They saw it happen.
  She saw the man rob the bank.
  He saw the dog bite the man.

:)

Sorry for resurrecting an old thread, but I need more clarification on these cases. I was told that we're not supposed to mix the tenses.
I saw it happen.
Why do we use present tense for happen and not happened?
Also, why do we not use happens since we're referring to it?

Consider the following example:
Yasmin explained why water runs down hill.
We use runs instead of run. Applying the same concept as before, shouldn't it be the latter?

[Barb_D]

If you go back to the post above Ron's, you'll see Tdol used the phrase "bare infinitive." That's a verb without the "to see."

to happen becomes "happen" as a bare infinitive. Although when it's the main verb, you would say "It happens" when you use it to say what it is you saw, you use the bare infinitive. I saw it happen.

It doesn't change based on the tense of the main verb, nor does it change in number. Just the main verb, without the "to."

The dog chased the cat. I saw the dog chase the cat.

[Raymott]

Originally Posted by language_fanatic

I was told that we're not supposed to mix the tenses.

Try to forget about this 'rule'. Whatever meaning it was meant to have by the person who gave it to you is probably long lost and unrecoverable. You only need to analyse the most simple of sentences, indeed such as "they saw it happen", to realise that it can't literally be true.