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what is known present perfect passive
This is what is known about my question (this is what has been known about my question) this is what I know about my question (this is what I have known...):
The sentence under discussion is
[Beginning a paragraph describing what should be included in the introduction of a scientific paper:]
"Write what has been known about the problem or phenomenon."
I feel that this should be
"Write what is known..."
The person I got this from argues that this is the present perfect and that the present perfect allows for "events up to and sometimes including the present" (i.e. both past aspect and present aspect, which is what all the grammar books say)...for example "I have lived here for eight years" (which however must be compared with "I have lived here." (which sounds like you don't any more.)).
At first I suspected that this was because know is a stative verb....but I am not sure...
In the sentence, know is in the present perfect passive...
what has been known by the scientific community...
(active = the scientific community has known ...)
which sounds to me like they don't know it any more...(is this because know is stative? what about the have lived example give above...)
so to me it should be "the scientific community knows..." which in the passive become "what is known ..."
Firstly...am I wrong?
Secondly...if not, can anyone give me any evidence (i.e. a link, reference, argument, etc.) that I can use to counteract his "present perfect with present aspect" argument?
Thanks in advance for time and consideration I will have known...
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Re: what is known present perfect passive
1. Write what is known (current or otherwise) about the problem or phenomenon.
Grammar
The meaning you want
2. Write what has been known (in the past only) but has since been e.g., rejected or forgotten.
Grammar,
The meaning you want
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Re: what is known present perfect passive
thanks. very clear....can you cite me any reference that I can point to???
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Re: what is known present perfect passive
You could check any source, even all sources, on the Present Perfect. The Present Perfect links the present and the past, and the time expressed is "before now", not now, which is why present passive is known works better in the context of your example sentence than present perfect passive "has been known".
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