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when someone says the sencente #2 it is because he is doing the action at the moment of speaking.
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Not really.
[In an English class.]
Teacher: How long have you studied English?
Student: I have been studying it for 3 years.
( The student is in an English class now and it makes sense that he's still learning English now when he uttered the sentence.)
[In a coffee shop]
Sam: I heard you are taking English class now.
Pam: Oh, yea! And I have been studying English for 3 years.
( Pam was drinking coffee rather than learning English while she was uttering that sentence.)
In your examples, the first one indicated the leaning behavior may be ended. Total is about 3 years and you may be learning it now. The second one emphasizes more on the continuing leaning behavior. Total years of learning could be more than 3 years.
I have lived here for 3 years.
==> I lived here before or I am still living here.
I have been living here for 3 years.
==> I am still living here!
:)