what does "others" refer to?

[optimistic pessimist]

Hi, teachers!

The fear of losing some Japanese identity is at the root of most critics of early English education, and Japanese culture can arguably be considered more closely tied to language than others. Yet, many studies have found that a stronger sense of Japanese identity develops through contact with other languages and cultures. Awareness of one's cultural identity comes as much from comparison as from knowing oneself.

In the passage above, what does the underlined "others" refer to?

I think it refers to "other cultures", but I'm not 100 percent sure.

Thank you!

[Teia]

Originally Posted by optimistic pessimist

Hi, teachers!

The fear of losing some Japanese identity is at the root of most critics of early English education, and Japanese culture can arguably be considered more closely tied to language than others. Yet, many studies have found that a stronger sense of Japanese identity develops through contact with other languages and cultures. Awareness of one's cultural identity comes as much from comparison as from knowing oneself.

In the passage above, what does the underlined "others" refer to?

I think it refers to "other cultures", but I'm not 100 percent sure.

Thank you!

In my opinion you are right. Others refers to other cultures.

[rj1948]

Originally Posted by optimistic pessimist

Hi, teachers!

The fear of losing some Japanese identity is at the root of most critics of early English education, and Japanese culture can arguably be considered more closely tied to language than others. Yet, many studies have found that a stronger sense of Japanese identity develops through contact with other languages and cultures. Awareness of one's cultural identity comes as much from comparison as from knowing oneself.

In the passage above, what does the underlined "others" refer to?

I think it refers to "other cultures", but I'm not 100 percent sure.

Thank you!

HERE OTHERS-OTHER CULTURES