***** NOT A TEACHER *****
Hello,
1. I was wondering whether it would be helpful to remind you that in English you can often change an adjective into a noun
by simply adding the word "the."
a. I have found that the rich are more courteous to me than are the poor.
2. I am going to study hard, and I want you to do the same.
a. My dictionary classifies it as a "pronoun."
*****
3. "He looks the same as you."
a. Here is a somewhat similar sentence from a grammar book.*
i." Your schedule is not the same as mine."
(a) "same" is a noun. (Don't worry: some books call it a pronoun; others call it a noun.) "The same" is a subjective complement. That is, it refers to "Your schedule." The whole sentence is "Your schedule is not the same as mine [is]." It is not necessary to say "is."
(b) Based on that example, I believe that we can analyze your sentence this way:
(i) He = subject.
looks = linking verb. This is NOT an action verb in your sentence.
the same = the subjunctive complement.
as = conjunction.
you = subject.
look. = verb that is usually not expressed.
*****
4. In my opinion, "He looks similarly as you" is definitely NOT the same as "He looks the same as you."
a. "similarly" is an adverb. = [do something] in a similar manner.
b. "looks" in your sentence is an ACTION verb. [For example, "He looks at the beautiful girls."]
c. I do not think that sentence is well-formed. That is, it is very difficult to explain its meaning. I think that it seems to say something like:
You look at the beautiful girls in a certain way, and he looks at them in the same way as you [look at the ....].
As you can see, that is definitely NOT the same as "He looks the same as you."
James
* R.W. Pence and D.W. Emery wrote A Grammar of Present-Day English (1963), page 226.