Question about English vowel diagram

[symaa]

I draw this diagram from a phonetic book/British pronuciation/












But the symbols which were underlined by yellow color ,I do not think that they are phonetic symbols because we have only
/æ / as in cat
/ʌ / as in cut
/ɜ:/ as in turn

And we have not ɑ and ɜ
Also the/ ɜ/ / ɔ/ should be with colon
So I am very confused

[symaa]

Do not you see the picture?

[thatone]

/ɛ/ is the vowel of bed.
/ɑ/ is the first vowel of father.

The ː, that looks like a colon, means that the vowel is long. In British English there's usually /ɜː/ and /ɔː/, but it's not necessary to add ː because what matters is the vowel itself, since the length can vary by person.

[BobK]

I draw this diagram from a phonetic book/British pronuciation/












But the symbols which were underlined by yellow color ,I do not think that they are phonetic symbols because we have only
/æ / as in cat
/ʌ / as in cut
/ɜ:/ as in turn

And we have not ɑ and ɜ
Also the/ ɜ/ / ɔ/ should be with colon
So I am very confused

/ɛ/ is the vowel of bed.
/ɑ/ is the first vowel of father.

The ː, that looks like a colon, means that the vowel is long. In British English there's usually /ɜː/ and /ɔː/, but it's not necessary to add ː because what matters is the vowel itself, since the length can vary by person.

Don't be worried by this, symaa. The IPA system specifies and represents many more sounds than are needed for a language student's needs. There is a convention by which - for ease of typing, the symbol [ɛ] is represented by /e/, because English has no [e] vs [ɛ] distinction, so for phonemic transcription the more familiar symbol is often used; the same goes for [ɑ] vs [a].

b

[symaa]

/ɛ/ is the vowel of bed.
/ɑ/ is the first vowel of father.

The ː, that looks like a colon, means that the vowel is long. In British English there's usually /ɜː/ and /ɔː/, but it's not necessary to add ː because what matters is the vowel itself, since the length can vary by person.

thank you for your explanation
But the transcribtion of bed is /bed/
and father /fɑːðə/
Regards

[symaa]

Don't be worried by this, symaa. The IPA system specifies and represents many more sounds than are needed for a language student's needs. There is a convention by which - for ease of typing, the symbol [ɛ] is represented by /e/, because English has no [e] vs [ɛ] distinction, so for phonemic transcription the more familiar symbol is often used; the same goes for [ɑ] vs [a].

b

Thank you teacher,
My teacher said the sound ɑ like bat, but the transcription of bat is /bæt/.Really this diagram disturb me.
By the way I like British accent,it is very pretty.
All the best

[thatone]

In IPA, the correct vowel of bed is /ɛ/. Your book might use /e/ to make things easier.

/ɑ/ and /ɑː/ are the same vowel. The ː just means that the vowel is longer. Such a symbol is omitted in IPA charts.

[symaa]

In IPA, the correct vowel of bed is /ɛ/. Your book might use /e/ to make things easier.

/ɑ/ and /ɑː/ are the same vowel. The ː just means that the vowel is longer. Such a symbol is omitted in IPA charts.

The transcription is from oxfordadvancedlearnersdictionary.com
Thank you very much for your help
Best wishes

[Raymott]

Thank you teacher,
My teacher said the sound ɑ like bat, but the transcription of bat is /bæt/.Really this diagram disturb me.
By the way I like British accent,it is very pretty.
All the best

If you teacher "said the sound ɑ like bat, but the transcription of bat", then it is your teacher who should be disturbing you, not the diagram.
Do you have any other troubles with it?

[symaa]

If you teacher "said the sound like bat, but the transcription of bat", then it is your teacher who should be disturbing you, not the diagram.
Do you have any other troubles with it?

Thank you, but to be honest I am very confused if

To be perfectly honest my teacher said that ɑ as in bat ,but when I looked for the transcription of the word I found that the transcription of bat is /bæt/
So, I cannot distinguish between the two vowels, so how can they have the same pronunciation ,because æ is font vowel and in the other side ɑ is a back vowel,moreover I never find a word transcribed with ɑ

All the best
Thank you again my teacher