Problem with adverbials

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Marilyn12

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Hello, I'm second grade student of English, I've just started the course of descriptive grammar and I really like it. But during our analysis of verb phrases (adjunct and sentence adverbials) I came across a problem: how to create the correct tree diagram for the sentence: "I have just arrived.". I know that adjuncts have to occur as a "sister" to verb phrase... hmm, or maybe this "just" is not an adjunct in this sentence, because when we draw a phrase marker we cannot put it as a VP's sister node... What do you think about it?
 

Tdol

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Doesn't it show time?
 

Marilyn12

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Yes, it does... So it is important and is not an adjunct? Could you recommend me some books to practice and find some more information?
 

Tdol

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What definition of adjunct are you using?
 

Marilyn12

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So, adjunct adverbials are words or groups of words which answer to question: when? how? what for? etc and describe the manner, time, place etc. They modify verb phrase. For example: they bought a house on a hill ; They will arrive soon. Am I right?
 

Tdol

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That's one definition, and just fits the bill for that- it shows the time (very recent past) when something happened.
 

Frank Antonson

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I would like to see the tree diagram.

Frank
 

Marilyn12

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Yes, but my problem is with the tree diagram... As far I'm concerned and as I've learned during my classes, I know that an adjunct adverbial is the sister of verb phrase so it must be shown as an adjacent node to the verb phrase. But in this case I don't know how to draw the phrase marker to not destroy the structure of the whole phrase, because just stands between the auxiliary and the lexical verb...
 
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