The title speaks for itself. Thank you.
I don't know about an official difference between the two, but in my mind a poll usually has multiple choice answers:
Q - Do you think Barrack Obama is a good President?
A - Yes
B - No
C - Don't know.
A survey would leave answers open:
Q - Who do you think is the sexiest actor in the world?
You can write whatever answer you like in, and the result will show all the responses in order of popularity.