[Grammar] it has given many more Chinese a stake in...

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qizi

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Could you tell me what's the meaning of the sentence in blue? What does "It" refer to and what does "give a stake in" mean? Thank you.:)

To help make this work, the Chinese government has subsidized its exporters by pegging the renminbi at an unnaturally low rate to the dollar. This has supported relatively high-paying export jobs; additional subsidies have included direct credit allocation and preferential treatment for coastal enterprises. These aren’t the recommended policies you would find in a basic economics text, but it’s hard to argue with success. Most important, it has given many more Chinese a stake in the future of their society.
 

Tdol

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It = the economic policy
stake = they participate and have views, opinions and interests- they are actively involved in the future they are building
 

qizi

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Thank you. But the "policy" mentioned in the sentence is plural. If the writer refers to the economic policy. why isn't "they" used?
 

Tdol

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It could refer back to 'this' at the start (and then to something else earlier).
 
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