Main stress in a sentence

[fakinglory]

I have a question, and I cannot find a proper answer anywhere.

So, how can I understand what word in a sentence is main stressed?

Especially, after particular questions, for example:

Who’s that man over there?	He’s my driving (1) instructor (2).
Is she a Hollywood celebrity?	Yes, she’s won an Academy (1) Award (2).
What’s the matter?	We’ve run out of drinking (1) water (2).
What would you like for dessert?	I’d like a carrot (1) cake (2), please.
Where’s Sarah?	She’s gone to the fish (1) market (2).

Which words in these answers are main stressed and why?

Thank you!

 

[emsr2d2]

Where did you find these questions? Please quote the source of anything you didn't write yourself. Why do you have to answer them?

 

[fakinglory]

Where did you find these questions? Please quote the source of anything you didn't write yourself. Why do you have to answer them?

It's from Eurasian Linguistics Olympiad: http://www.olimpiada.ru/activity/5003/tasks

I'm just curious about this exercise.

 

[Raymott]

Bold = stressed

driving instructor
Academy Award
drinking water
carrot cake
fish market

What do you make of this pattern?

 

[bubbha]

The following stress patterns make a difference in my native-speaking yet non-professional opinion:

He's a Spanish teacher. (He's a teacher who teaches the Spanish language.)
He's a Spanish teacher. (He's a teacher from Spain.)