Phoneme:The smallest phonetic unit in a language that is capable of conveying a distinction in meaning, as the
m of
mat and the
b of
bat in English.
Allophone:
1. Linguistics A predictable phonetic variant of a phoneme. For example, the aspirated
t of
top, the unaspirated
t of
stop, and the
tt (pronounced as a flap) of
batter are allophones of the English phoneme /t/.
Both definitions were taken from "the free dictionary",
Online Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus. Free access.
Most basic concepts or grammar rules are covered, although briefly, on this website.
Cheers.