putting, stopping startting??

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mizatavares

Member
Joined
Nov 20, 2005
Member Type
English Teacher
Can anyone please tell me, when this rule doesnt apply?
E.g.

t -- tt ; p -- pp

so put -- putting
stop -- stopping

but help is helping , read is reading.

Why??

Thanks a million:up:
 

naomimalan

Member
Joined
Feb 22, 2008
Member Type
English Teacher
Can anyone please tell me, when this rule doesnt apply?
E.g.

t -- tt ; p -- pp

so put -- putting
stop -- stopping

but help is helping , read is reading.

Why??

Thanks a million:up:

Doubling the consonant doesn't depend on what the last letter is. For example, your third word is incorrectly spelt/spelled. It should be "starting", not "startting". If you look at the rule below, you will understand why:

You double the final consonant before -ing and -ed if:
- the word has one syllable and ends in consonant, vowel, consonant. This is the case for your verbs "put" and "stop".

Other examples: plan - planned; rob - robbed

The same rule applies for comparatives and superlatives: hot, hotter, hottest.

You also double the last consonant if:
-the verb has more than one syllable and has the stress on the last syllable: beGIN - beginning; preFER - preferred
(In British English, you double the consonant if the word ends in "l" even if the stress is not on the last syllable: TRAvel - travelled; CANcel - cancelling.) :-D:-D

There are one or two other helpful rules but you could start with these ones.
 
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Snowcake

Senior Member
Joined
Mar 21, 2008
Member Type
Academic
Native Language
German
Home Country
Germany
Current Location
Germany
1. two-syllable words:

If the stress is on the first syllable, the word only gets one consonant:

hap-pen - happening

vi-sit - visiting

(stress on the second syllable --> double the consonant! : admit - admitting)

2. If the word ends in a double consonant, only add -ing / -ed.

As in:

help - helping.

3.
If the word ens in 2 vowels and a consonant, only add -ing/-ed

read - reading

dream - dreaming


Hope this helps
Snowcake
 

engee30

Key Member
Joined
Apr 1, 2006
Member Type
Retired English Teacher
Native Language
Polish
Home Country
Poland
Current Location
England
Never ever double the last consonant where the consonant is represented by w, x, or y:

bow - bowed/bowing
borrow - borrowed/borrowing
low - lower/lowest
box - boxed/boxing
play - played/playing
 
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