Re: interprettion of "falling market share"
It refers to what share of the market Sony had.
Imagine the entire market for an industry is a pie. The companies that sell products in that industry each have a piece of the pie. One company may have a very large slide - half the pie, or a 50% share of the market.
So in 1982, Sony's slice was 13% of the pie. They sold 13% of the items sold in that industry.
Five years later, their slice was smaller. Other companies had taken over their share.
I'm not a teacher, but I write for a living. Please don't ask me about 2nd conditionals, but I'm a safe bet for what reads well in (American) English.