1) Is the word 'railway station' quite modern or is there anything newer than that?
2) If I imply the building of a railway station, would it be more correct to say 'terminal', not 'the station' itself?
Translating into English at the moment, so thinking over lots of things twice as deep. Thank you.
In BrE it's "railway station" or, colloquially, just "the station".
We don't really use trains to travel here but my gut* tells me that I'd say "the station" to refer to the building where you buy your ticket and have your coffee while you wait but I'd use "terminal" to refer to specific boarding areas as they're designated at the station. Ex. terminal A, terminal B, etc.
*Not scientifically accurate
This is a very literal interpretation. You just got to think dialogically.
Buildings for all sorts of forms of transportation are called terminal -- airport terminal, bus terminal, train terminal... It might be a starting point for me, but it's the end point for someone else.
I noticed no American English speakers replied. We would say "rail station" -- then again there are very few in my area of the world. :)
Terminal typically implies a large transfer area building, a "stop" is a point otherwise along the rail line where passengers embark/disembark.
Not a teacher
I've never heard "rail station" on any continent. Americans say "railroad station".