Job is a biblical figure.
Satan thought Job's affection for God is not Genuine.
To prove that the opposite was true, God tested Job, whom he put through bitter physical anguish.
Although Job was a man of great virtues, the four friends of his who visited him said he was actually a sinner, which was the reason for God putting him to much trouble.
They expressed false sympathy and were insinuating rebukes to him.
I would say Job's comforter is somebody who pretends to be a friend, therefore is a false friend.
Apparently, a Job's comforter isn't much of a comforter. (I guessed on that one, and I got it wrong. The expression is, perhaps, used more in the UK than in the USA. (I had never heard it before.).)
Job's comforter 
(I guessed on that one, and I got it wrong. The expression is, perhaps, used more in the UK than in the USA. (I had never heard it before.).)
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