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Generally speaking they're alike. However, Linguistcs is concered with the study of a language as a system. It is thus more specific than the old-fasioned term Philology, wich can also include such subjects as literature, textual critcism, art, archeology and religion. The term philology is still sometimes used for linguistics, but is being gradually replaced by the French la linguistique and the German die Linguistik.
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BRITANNICA/linguistics
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Is it being replaced by the French or German versions? Where?