"j vs G" and "e vs eh"

[thomasRavenelli]

-I have always thought that G is pronounced as dj while the j is j. I came across few words that left me a little bit confused such as jostling and jury . Is the j in these two words pronounced as dj?
-what about the word jolt is it a dj or j?
a second question about e with words like report , development, defense . is it pronounced as an e in ear or as an eh as in demonstration?
best regards

[Buddhaheart]

-I have always thought that G is pronounced as dj while the j is j. ‘G’ has the hard sound /g/ as in <girl> and the soft sound /®/ as in <jam>. <J> is usually just //®/ as in <jostling>, <jury> & <jolt>. I came across few words that left me a little bit confused such as jostling and jury. Is the j in these two words pronounced as dj? See above.


-what about the word jolt is it a dj or j? See above.


There’re certain phonic rules or more precisely generalizations that you could use to predict whether the <g> should be pronounced as its hard sound or soft sound.

a second question about e with words like report , development, defense . is it pronounced as an e in ear or as an eh as in demonstration? The ‘e’ as in < report> & the first ‘e’ in <defense> & in <development> has the short ‘i’ sound /w/. We (AE) utter the ‘e’ in <ear> as a long ‘e’ /i+/. The’e’ in < demonstration> has the short ‘e’ sound /e/.