(UK) If you hear something on the jungle telegraph, you pick up some information or informal gossip from someone who shares some common interest.
('Bush telegraph' is also used.)
A Sputnik moment is a point where people realise that they are threatened of challenged and have to redouble their efforts to catch up. It comes from the time when the Soviet Union launched the first satellite, the Sputnik 1, and beat the USA into space.