ESTABLISHED

**hooshdar3** · 02-Dec-2011, 08:45

Hi.
"Firmly established by the 17th centry, casting has existed in other forms since the 1300s."

What does established means?Formalized?

**English Freak** · 02-Dec-2011, 10:03

Validate(d), or simply confirm(ed).

**Tdol** · 02-Dec-2011, 10:20

I think the meaning is probably different here- the method used for casting had become accepted and was widely used.

**5jj** · 02-Dec-2011, 10:26

castling?

**hooshdar3** · 02-Dec-2011, 13:43

Originally Posted by 5jj

castling?

Yes sir, sorry for the typo.Castling.
And I think previous posts took it as "casting".

**hooshdar3** · 02-Dec-2011, 14:26

Originally Posted by hooshdar3

Yes sir, sorry for the typo.Castling.
And I think previous posts took it as "casting".

Any answer?

Castling is a chess rule and cannot be validated.

**Barb_D** · 02-Dec-2011, 14:58

Still the same answer. Accepted, confirmed as valid, widely used.

Thread: ESTABLISHED