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Originally Posted by harrymick Thank you very much.
I really want to know, why you created these rules , but you didn’t stand to (should I use 'abide by' instead of 'stand to')it?
How can I do? |
You're welcome, and 'abide' is a good word.
The rules were created by speakers. They are the result of natural processes, and they are found in all human languages. For example, in our example (1) below the symbol <th> is pronounced as a voiced sound, as
th in
that, and it's pronounced that way because of where it sits in the array of sounds.
(1) clo
thes [klo:]
th[z] (
th as in
that)
th occurs between two vowels, -o..e
-, and since vowels are voiced sounds, or rather they require that you vibrate your vocal folds, it's easier to pronouce three voiced sounds in a row than it is to pronounce voiced [o], then stop and pronounce voiceless <th>, then stop and pronounce voiced [e]. So you see, it's easier if all three sounds in that row are voiced. And that's why <th> is pronounced as
th in
that, rather than
th in
think. The process by which a voiceless sound is pronounced as a voiced sound is called
Voicing, and it's a result of our human anatomy. That is, if you're human, then you're language will have examples of Voicing.
As for why some speakers pronounce <th> as [l], well, that involves two other process: some speakers use
Assimilation and other speakers use
Disassimilation.
(2a) c
lo
thes [k
lo:
lz] Assimilation
(2b) clo
thes [klo:
lz] Disassimilation
The process in (2) could be either
Assimilation (to make sounds the same: l...th => l...l) or
Disassimilation (to make sounds different: thz => lz).
Assimilation
The speaker, upon pronouncing the first <l> carries that sound over to the next consonant <th>, giving [k
lo:
lz]. Speakers do it because it's more efficient: It's easier on the lips, tongue, and other articulators, and so the speaker doesn't have to spend much energy on forming two sounds, when one sound, [l], will do.
Assimilation is found in all human languages, even yours.
Disassimilation
Since
th and [z] are very similar sounds, they are difficult to pronounce one after the other, so the speaker changes <th> to [l], to make pronunciation easier.