"She hangs upon the cheek of night like a rich jewel in an Ethope's ear." R&J
I know, the syntax is easy; but how about that simile! I think I might rather meet her (14-year-old that she is) than Cleopatra.
If Shakespeare had used "as" instead of "like" we would be dealing with an elliptical adverbial clause instead of a prepositional phrase. He knew what he was doing.
Your first sentence I think is perfect.
I don't think the second one is right. "...as a rich jewel (would hang) in an Ethiope's ear..." is an adverb clause.
Let me work on that third one. It's a puzzle, but I know you do not need to have the two "with"s understood.
I don't think that is quite right, and sorry for the bad drawing (but I think it is closer than your superb work.
I have always thought that
I met X and Y = I met (with) X and (I met (with)) Y.
I don't think the second one is right. "...as a rich jewel (would hang) in an Ethiope's ear..."
It hangs there as a jewel would in an ear. Yes, you are right.
This is what confused me:
I visited the US as an ambassador (not as a tourist).
ambassador = I
visited = was (in the US) = CopV
No?
I guess that works, but you could also say that "as an ambassador" is like "in the position of an ambassador" and call it a adverbial prepositional phrase answering the question "how"about "visited".
Your idea is probably better.