Neither is natural English
All you can say is that the two Latin words from which 'peninsula' is formed mean 'almost' and 'island'.Then, how do you say that in natural English to mean the same?
Maybe you just want the general form 'X is also called Y' (not 'called as').
b
Or "X is also known as Y".
The second is incorrect, as Bob suggested in post #6.What is the difference between "X is called Y and X is called as Y."?
And as emsr2d2 said in post #7 you could also say 'X is known as Y'.The second is incorrect, as Bob suggested in post #6.