' Everyone hoped to have learned and know everything by the following Monday'?

[Adrianna95]

Hello, everybody.
I have been doing some exercise with the Perfect Infinitive and I have a big problem with understanding this sentence:' Everyone hoped to have learned and know everything by the following Monday'
I don't know if this sentence refers to the past or to the future? Does it also mean that they are not going to achieve that goal ( to have learned and know everything) or do they still have a chance?
Does ' have learned' mean that they have failed?

Thank you

 

[Flamenco1]

The first issue for me is that "the following Monday" could be in the past or future.
The second issue is "to have learned and know" mixes tenses.

I'm not sure what was intended but I'll offer:
'Everyone had hoped to have learned and known everything by the following Monday. Sadly that day had come and gone.'

I'm sure a few others will comment.

 

[probus]

To me the sentence is rather redundant. We are not born with knowledge. Therefore everything we now know we must have learnt in the past. The only sense the sentence makes is that we still know what we have learnt unless we have forgotten.

In some varieties (for example, Indian English) people use learn as a synonym for study, but I don't think any British or American speakers would do so.

 

[jutfrank]

Everyone hoped to have learned and know everything by the following Monday.

This sentence is awful. Where did you see it?

I don't know if this sentence refers to the past or to the future?

The past tense of the verb hoped shows that the sentence is set in the past.

Does it also mean that they are not going to achieve that goal ( to have learned and know everything) or do they still have a chance?

No. Yes, they have a chance.

Does ' have learned' mean that they have failed?

No. The sentence means this:

At one time in the past (let's call this Wednesday, for the sake of explanation): The people in question do not know everything. They hope that before the following Monday arrives, this will no longer be the case. In other words, the act of learning everything will hopefully take place between the time of hoping (Wednesday) and the following Monday.

The perfect aspect is retrospective. That means that when Monday comes, they can look back at the time from Wednesday to Monday to see the time frame in which they learnt everything.

 

[Tdol]

I doubt that they succeeded.

 

[Adrianna95]

Thank you very much for all the answers.
This sentence comes from my English grammar book.
My book says that the perfect infinitive is used to talk about situations that did not happen.
For example: 'She expected him to have waited for her at the airport' Which means that he didn't wait for her. Is it right?
That's why I was confused if people in my previous sentence still have a chance to learn and know everything by the following Monday.

 

[emsr2d2]

We use "following" (with days) when direct speech would use "next" when that day has already passed.

The last time I saw my friend Becky, she said "Do you want to go for lunch next Monday?"
The last time I saw my friend Becky, she asked me if I wanted to go to lunch the following Monday.

 

[Tdol]

For example: 'She expected him to have waited for her at the airport' Which means that he didn't wait for her. Is it right?

He may have waited for her for a time, but he wasn't waiting for her when she cleared customs.

 

[Tarheel]

I would say:

She expected him to be waiting for her.

Apparently, he wasn't there. Otherwise, she would have said something different.

 

[Tarheel]

Getting back to the first question. The students hope to learn everything they need to know in the given time frame, but we don't know if they succeeded.