"unless having/unless they have/unless to have"?

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Odessa Dawn

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Joined
Aug 10, 2012
Location
Saudi Arabia
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Student or Learner
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Arabic
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Saudi Arabia
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Saudi Arabia
1. ESL students cannot succeed in a new environment only by mastering the target language unless having the ability to [STRIKE]negociate[/STRIKE] negotiate the target culture.

2. ESL students cannot succeed in a new environment only by mastering the target language unless they have the ability to [STRIKE]negociate[/STRIKE] negotiate the target culture.

3. ESL students cannot succeed in a new environment only by mastering the target language unless to have the ability to [STRIKE]negociate[/STRIKE] negotiate the target culture.

Are all possible?
 
Last edited:
Hi,
I'm not a teacher.

The second one is good. Third one is not possible. The first one you can modify this way: "... , without having the ability to negociate the target culture."
 
Only 2 works for me. And you have spelled "negotiate" wrong in all three.
 
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