"Who broke the window?" VS "Who's broken the window?"

[lagoo]

The present perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. But I sometimes get confused by the "link".

Here is a situation where a teacher sees a window in his classroom broken.

1. If the teacher just wants to know the student who did it.
"Who broke the window?"

2. If the teacher wants to write down the name of the student having done that.
"Who's broken the window?"

3. If the teacher wants to punish the student having done that right now.
"Who's broken the window?"

Is every question related to its situation correct?

 

[Tdol]

It might be affected by the timing. If the teacher heard the window break and rushed into the room, the present perfect would work. I don't think that the teacher's intention with the name matters much.

 

[jutfrank]

The choice of tense all depends on what is predominant in the teacher's mind at the time of speaking. If he's focusing on the present state of the window, he'll probably use the present perfect and if he's focusing on the past action, he'll use the past simple.