What do years stand for?

[thedaffodils]

Hi,

What do those years i.e. 1990, 1949, in the following passage mean? I guess that year they made the comments.

Do social psychology and the other social sciences simply formalize what any amateur already knows intuitively? Writer Cullen Murphy (1990) took that view: “Day after day social scientists go out into the world. Day after day they discover that people’s behavior is pretty much what you’d expect.” Nearly a half-century earlier, historian Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. (1949), reacted with similar scorn to social scientists’ studies of American World War II soldiers. Sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld (1949) reviewed those studies and offered a sample with interpretive comments, a few of which I paraphrase:

Thank you!

 

[Matthew Wai]

I also guess they are the years when they did those things.
If it is the birth year, it should read (1990 ─ ).
Not a teacher.

 

[konungursvia]

No, these are APA references to a bibliography that follows the article. Schlesigner published a book in 1949, which is listed at the end of the article, and so on.

 

[Matthew Wai]

Can the OP tell whether there is such a list?

 

[MikeNewYork]

Hi,

What do those years i.e. 1990, 1949, in the following passage mean? I guess that year they made the comments.


Thank you!

Yes.

 

[thedaffodils]

Everyone, thank you for your response.

konungursvia,

It is very helpful that you pointed out it's about APA. I just serched and learned some info about it from online introduction about it, which solved an question of mine -for each paragraph, there's a two-letter space. Now I understood it was a tab space according to APA form.

I looked up the reference of the Epilogue at the end of the book. However I didn't find out the reference of Cullen Murphy there but just Cullen, L. T. etc. as below. Could you possibly suggest how to find Cullen Murphy in the reference?

Cullen, L. T., & Masters, C. (2008, January 28). We just clicked. Time, pp. 86–89.
Cullum, J., & Harton, H. C. (2007). Cultural evolution: Interpersonal influence, issue importance, and the development of shared attitudes in college residence halls. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33,

Besides that, is it also a requirement that there's no space between two difference paragraphs according to APA form?

Many thanks!


Matt, I am checking it.

 

[konungursvia]

It may be an article he published in the Atlantic. A periodical will be treated differently in the bibliography. It may appear under the editor's name, or the word "Collective", and of course, some bibliographies have errors in them. People have sent me hundreds of articles to edit over the years, and about half have had one or more missing references in the bibliography. People tend to rush these after their article is "completed", these days.